Python Basics

An Introduction to Python

This section will help you get started with Python Programming language by installing it and running your first program. Also, it will walk you through the basic concepts and fundamentals of Python.

5 RESOURCES

• Get Started With Python: Learn how to use IDLE to run Python code interactively. Also, understand syntax and indentation in Python.
• Python Statements: A statement is an instruction that a Python interpreter can execute. Learn simple statements and compound statements.
• Python Comments: Comments are descriptions that help programmers to understand the functionality of the program. Learn how to add comments in your Python code. Use inline comments, block comments, and multi-line comments.
• Python Keywords: Python keywords are reserved words that have a special meaning associated with them and can’t be used for anything but those specific purposes.
• Python Operators: Python has several operators that we can use to perform different mathematical, logical, and boolean operations on data.

Practice:

• Basic Python Exercise for beginners
• Basic Python Quiz For Beginners
• Python Operators and Expressions Quiz

Variables and Data Types

Learn how to create, modify, delete variables of different types. Learn to use some basic numeric (int, float, and complex), string, and Boolean types that are built into Python.

For example, we can create a variable with a specific name. Once you create a variable, you can later call up its value by typing the variable name.

5 RESOURCES

• Python Variables: A variable is a reserved memory area (memory address) to store value.
• Python Data Types: Data types specify the different sizes and values that can be stored in the variable.
• Python Casting (type conversion): Learn type conversion and typecasting. Convert variable declared in specific data type to different data types.
• Python Number: Learn to work with numerical data in Python. Learn numerical data types. Also learn Math module, Decimal, and Fraction modules.

Practice:

• Python Variables and Data Types Quiz
• Python Numbers Quiz

Control Flow and Loops

In Python, flow control is the order in which statements or blocks of code are executed at runtime based on a condition. The loop statement repeats a code block a number of times.

Learn to use loops, conditional statements, iterative statements, and transfer statements.

5 RESOURCES

• Control flow statements: Use the if-else statements in Python for conditional decision-making
• Python for loop: To iterate over a sequence of elements such as list, string.
• Python range() function: Using a for loop with range(), we can repeat an action a specific number of times
• Python while loop: To repeat a block of code repeatedly, as long as the condition is true.
• Break and Continue: To alter the loop’s execution in a certain manner.
• Nested loop: loop inside a loop is known as a nested loop.
• Print pattern in Python: Learn to use loops to print number and pyramid pattern.

Practice:

• Python If Else and Loops Quiz
• Python Loop Exercise

Python Input and Output

This section lets you know input and output in Python. Learn to get input from the user, files, and display output on the screen or console. Also, learn output formatting.

5 RESOURCES

• Python Input and Output: Use the input() function, to take input from a user, and the print() function, we display output on the screen.
• How to check if user input is a number or string
• Take a list as an input from a user

Practice:

• Python Input and Output Exercise
• Python Input and Output Quiz

Basic Data Structures

In Python, Data structures are the fundamental constructs that we can use to store multiple values. Data structure provides a way to organize and access data efficiently. Python comes with an extensive set of data structures in its standard library.

In this section, we'll learn basic data structures such as list, dict, set, and tuple.

5 RESOURCES

• Python Lists: In Python, a list is an ordered sequence of items. Learn to create, iterate, access a list. Also, learn list operation and methods.
• Python Tuples: Tuples are ordered collections of heterogeneous data that are unchangeable. Learn how to use a tuple data structure in Python. Also, learn how to create, access, and modify a tuple.
• Python Sets: In Python, a Set is an unordered collection of data items that are unique. Learn to create a set and add, update, and remove items from a set. Also, learn the different set methods and operations such as union, intersection, differance, and many more.
• Python Dictionaries: Dictionary are unordered collections of unique values stored in (Key-Value) pairs. Learn how to create, access, and modify a dict in Python and all other operations we can perform on a dictionary

Practice:

Python Functions and Modules

In Python, the function is a block of code defined with a name. We use functions whenever we need to perform the same task multiple times without writing the same code again. It can take arguments and returns the value.

In Python, modules refer to the Python file, which contains Python code like Python statements, classes, functions, variables, etc. A file with Python code is defined with py extension.

5 RESOURCES

• Functions in Python
• Python Modules

Practice:

• Python Functions Exercise
• Python Functions Quiz

Python Exceptions and Errors

An exception is a Python object that represents an error. An exception is an event that occurs during the execution of programs that disrupt the normal flow of execution (e.g., KeyError Raised when a key is not found in a dictionary.)

Learn to handle exceptions using the try, except, and finally statements.

Read Python Exceptions and Errors.