{"id":10599,"date":"2022-01-19T16:09:13","date_gmt":"2022-01-19T10:39:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/pynative.com\/?p=10599"},"modified":"2023-08-04T13:15:03","modified_gmt":"2023-08-04T07:45:03","slug":"python-list-files-in-directory-with-extension-txt","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/pynative.com\/python-list-files-in-directory-with-extension-txt\/","title":{"rendered":"Python list Files in Directory with Extension txt"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>In this Python tutorial, we will see how to list all files of a directory having a specific extension.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sometimes we need to list files having a specific extension before performing any operation on them. For example, if you wanted to <a href=\"https:\/\/pynative.com\/python-copy-files-and-directories\/\">copy<\/a> only text files from one location to another. In this case, we need to make sure we are only looking for files having a <code>.txt<\/code> extension.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>We will use the following&nbsp;<strong>three methods<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-yoast-seo-table-of-contents yoast-table-of-contents\"><h2>Table of contents<\/h2><ul><li><a href=\"#h-how-to-list-files-in-directory-with-extension-txt\" data-level=\"2\">How to list files in directory with extension txt<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#h-example-list-files-in-directory-with-extension-txt\" data-level=\"3\">Example: list files in directory with extension txt<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-os-module-to-list-files-in-directory-with-extension\" data-level=\"2\">Os module to list files in directory with extension<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-list-files-in-directory-and-subdirectories-with-extension-txt\" data-level=\"2\">list files in directory and subdirectories with extension txt<\/a><ul><li><a href=\"#h-glob-module-to-list-files-from-subdirectories-with-txt-extension\" data-level=\"3\">Glob module to list files from subdirectories with txt extension<\/a><\/li><li><a href=\"#h-os-walk-to-list-files-in-directory-and-subdirectories-with-extension-txt\" data-level=\"3\">os.walk() to list files in directory and subdirectories with extension txt<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-how-to-list-files-in-directory-with-extension-txt\">How to list files in directory with extension txt<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"schema-how-to wp-block-yoast-how-to-block\"><p class=\"schema-how-to-description\">A <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Filename_extension\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">file extension<\/a>, or filename extension, is a suffix at the end of a file. It comes after the period. Extension specifies a file type such as text, CSV file, pdf, or image file. For example, for a text file, it is <code>txt<\/code>. For image file it is <code>jpg<\/code>, <code>jpeg<\/code>, or <code>bmp<\/code>.<br><br>Here are the steps to get the list of files having the txt extension using a glob module.<\/p> <ol class=\"schema-how-to-steps\"><li class=\"schema-how-to-step\" id=\"how-to-step-1642583226144\"><strong class=\"schema-how-to-step-name\">Import glob module<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-how-to-step-text\">The <a href=\"https:\/\/pynative.com\/python-glob\/\">glob module<\/a>, part of the Python Standard Library, is used to\u00a0<strong>find the files and folders whose names follow a specific pattern<\/strong>. The searching rules are similar to the Unix Shell path expansion rules.<\/p> <\/li><li class=\"schema-how-to-step\" id=\"how-to-step-1642583797062\"><strong class=\"schema-how-to-step-name\">Construct a pattern to search for the files having the specific extension<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-how-to-step-text\">For example, <code>directory_path\/*.txt<\/code> to list all text files present in a given directory path. Here the <code>*<\/code> means file name can be anything, but it must have a <code>txt<\/code> extension.<\/p> <\/li><li class=\"schema-how-to-step\" id=\"how-to-step-1642584183878\"><strong class=\"schema-how-to-step-name\">Use glob() method<\/strong> <p class=\"schema-how-to-step-text\">The <code>gob.glob(pathname)<\/code> method returns a list of files that matches the path and pattern specified in the pathname argument. in this case, it will return all text files.<\/p> <\/li><\/ol><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-example-list-files-in-directory-with-extension-txt\">Example: list files in directory with extension txt<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>The following text files are present in my current working directory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">sales.txt\nprofit.txt\nsamples.txt<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Example 1<\/strong>: List all <code>txt<\/code> files present in the &#8216;account&#8217; directory.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"hljstoolbar\"><pre id=\"code1\"  id=\"norun\" class=\"wp-block-code language-python\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-1\" data-shcb-language-name=\"Python\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"python\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-python\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">import<\/span> glob\n\n<span class=\"hljs-comment\"># absolute path to search all text files inside a specific folder<\/span>\npath = <span class=\"hljs-string\">r'E:\/demos\/files_demos\/account\/*.txt'<\/span>\nfiles = glob.glob(path)\nprint(files)\n<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-1\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">Python<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">python<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre><button class=\"hljs-copy-button\" onclick=\"copy_code('code1', this);\"><i class=\"far fa-copy1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button><\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>Output<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">['E:\/account\\\\profit.txt', 'E:\/account\\\\sales.txt', 'E:\/account\\\\sample.txt']<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>If you want to list files from a current directory the use <code>glob.glob('.\/*.txt')<\/code>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-1 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"background-color:#f5eedc\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>Note<\/strong>: This solution is fast because it only looks for a specific pattern instead of traversing the entire directory file by file to check if it has a specific extension, resulting in performance benefits.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-os-module-to-list-files-in-directory-with-extension\">Os module to list files in directory with extension <\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>This module helps us to work with operating system-dependent functionality in Python. The os module provides functions for interacting with the operating system.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Use the below steps: &#8211;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Use the <code>os.listdir('path')<\/code> function to get the <a href=\"https:\/\/pynative.com\/python-list-files-in-a-directory\/\">list of all files in directory<\/a>. This function returns the names of the files and directories present in the directory.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Next, use a <a href=\"https:\/\/pynative.com\/python-for-loop\/\">for loop<\/a> to iterate all files from a list.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Next, use the <a href=\"https:\/\/pynative.com\/python-control-flow-statements\/\">if condition<\/a> in each iteration to check if the file name ends with a txt extension. If yes, add it to the final <a href=\"https:\/\/pynative.com\/python-lists\/\">list<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Example<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"hljstoolbar\"><pre id=\"code2\"  id=\"norun\" class=\"wp-block-code language-python\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-2\" data-shcb-language-name=\"Python\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"python\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-python\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">import<\/span> os\n\n<span class=\"hljs-comment\"># folder path<\/span>\ndir_path = <span class=\"hljs-string\">r'E:\\account'<\/span>\n\n<span class=\"hljs-comment\"># list to store files<\/span>\nres = &#91;]\n<span class=\"hljs-comment\"># Iterate directory<\/span>\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">for<\/span> file <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">in<\/span> os.listdir(dir_path):\n    <span class=\"hljs-comment\"># check only text files<\/span>\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if<\/span> file.endswith(<span class=\"hljs-string\">'.txt'<\/span>):\n        res.append(file)\nprint(res)<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-2\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">Python<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">python<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre><button class=\"hljs-copy-button\" onclick=\"copy_code('code2', this);\"><i class=\"far fa-copy1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button><\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>Output<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">['profit.txt', 'sales.txt', 'sample.txt']<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns has-background is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-2 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"background-color:#f5eedc\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p><strong>Note<\/strong>: This solution is slow because it traverses the entire directory file by file to check if it has a specific extension, resulting in performance overhead if the directory contains many files. So I suggest you use the first solution, i.e., glob module.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-list-files-in-directory-and-subdirectories-with-extension-txt\">list files in directory and subdirectories with extension txt<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>We can use the following two approaches: &#8211;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>glob module<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>os.walk()<\/code> function<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-glob-module-to-list-files-from-subdirectories-with-txt-extension\">Glob module to list files from subdirectories with txt extension<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Set the&nbsp;<code>recursive<\/code>&nbsp;attribute of a <code>glob()<\/code> method to True to list text files from subdirectories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Use Python <strong>3.5+<\/strong> to find files recursively using the glob module. If you are using the older version of Python, then use the <code>os.walk()<\/code> method.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The&nbsp;<strong>glob module supports the&nbsp;<code>**<\/code>&nbsp;directive<\/strong>. If you want it recursive you can use <code>glob.glob('**\/*.txt')<\/code> and set a recursive flag to <code>True<\/code>, the glob() method parses the given path and looks recursively in the directories.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Example<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"hljstoolbar\"><pre id=\"code3\"  id=\"norun\" class=\"wp-block-code language-python\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-3\" data-shcb-language-name=\"Python\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"python\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-python\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">import<\/span> glob\n\n<span class=\"hljs-comment\"># absolute path to search all text files inside a specific folder<\/span>\npath = <span class=\"hljs-string\">r'E:\/account\/**\/*.txt'<\/span>\nfiles = glob.glob(path, recursive=<span class=\"hljs-literal\">True<\/span>)\nprint(files)<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-3\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">Python<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">python<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre><button class=\"hljs-copy-button\" onclick=\"copy_code('code3', this);\"><i class=\"far fa-copy1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button><\/div>\n\n\n<p><strong>Output<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">['E:\/account\\\\profit.txt', 'E:\/account\\\\sales.txt', 'E:\/account\\\\sample.txt', 'E:\/account\\\\reports_2021\\\\december_2021.txt']<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-os-walk-to-list-files-in-directory-and-subdirectories-with-extension-txt\"><code>os.walk()<\/code> to list files in directory and subdirectories with extension txt<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>It is a&nbsp;<strong>recursive function<\/strong>, i.e., Every time the generator is called it creates a tuple of values (current_path, directories in current_path, files in current_path) and it will follow each directory recursively to get a list of files and directories until no further sub-directories are available from the initial directory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul>\n<li>Call the <code>os.walk(''path')<\/code> function. It will yield two lists for each directory it visits. The first list contains files, and the second list includes directories.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Next, Iterate the list of files using a for loop<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Next, use the if condition in each iteration to check if the file name ends with a txt extension. If yes, add it to the final list.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Example<\/strong>:<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"hljstoolbar\"><pre id=\"code4\"  id=\"norun\" class=\"wp-block-code language-python\" aria-describedby=\"shcb-language-4\" data-shcb-language-name=\"Python\" data-shcb-language-slug=\"python\"><span><code class=\"hljs language-python\"><span class=\"hljs-keyword\">import<\/span> os\n\n<span class=\"hljs-comment\"># list to store txt files<\/span>\nres = &#91;]\n<span class=\"hljs-comment\"># os.walk() returns subdirectories, file from current directory and <\/span>\n<span class=\"hljs-comment\"># And follow next directory from subdirectory list recursively until last directory<\/span>\n<span class=\"hljs-keyword\">for<\/span> root, dirs, files <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">in<\/span> os.walk(<span class=\"hljs-string\">r\"E:\\demos\\files_demos\\account\"<\/span>):\n    <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">for<\/span> file <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">in<\/span> files:\n        <span class=\"hljs-keyword\">if<\/span> file.endswith(<span class=\"hljs-string\">\".txt\"<\/span>):\n            res.append(os.path.join(root, file))\nprint(res)\n<\/code><\/span><small class=\"shcb-language\" id=\"shcb-language-4\"><span class=\"shcb-language__label\">Code language:<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__name\">Python<\/span> <span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">(<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__slug\">python<\/span><span class=\"shcb-language__paren\">)<\/span><\/small><\/pre><button class=\"hljs-copy-button\" onclick=\"copy_code('code4', this);\"><i class=\"far fa-copy1\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><\/i><\/button><\/div>\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">['E:\/account\\\\profit.txt', 'E:\/account\\\\sales.txt', 'E:\/account\\\\sample.txt', 'E:\/account\\\\reports_2021\\\\december_2021.txt']<\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>In this Python tutorial, we will see how to list all files of a directory having a specific extension. Sometimes we need to list files having a specific extension before performing any operation on them. For example, if you wanted to copy only text files from one location to another. In this case, we need [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[22,33],"tags":[34],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v22.6 (Yoast SEO v22.6) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Python list Files in Directory with Extension [3 Ways]<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Get the list of files having the specific extension such as txt in Python using a glob module and os module\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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I am a Python developer and I love to write articles to help developers. | All the best for your future Python endeavors!\",\"sameAs\":[\"https:\/\/pynative.com\"]},{\"@type\":\"HowTo\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pynative.com\/python-list-files-in-directory-with-extension-txt\/#howto-1\",\"name\":\"Python list Files in Directory with Extension txt\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/pynative.com\/python-list-files-in-directory-with-extension-txt\/#article\"},\"description\":\"A <a href=\\\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Filename_extension\\\" target=\\\"_blank\\\" rel=\\\"noreferrer noopener\\\">file extension<\/a>, or filename extension, is a suffix at the end of a file. It comes after the period. Extension specifies a file type such as text, CSV file, pdf, or image file. For example, for a text file, it is txt. For image file it is jpg, jpeg, or bmp.<br\/><br\/>Here are the steps to get the list of files having the txt extension using a glob module.\",\"step\":[{\"@type\":\"HowToStep\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/pynative.com\/python-list-files-in-directory-with-extension-txt\/#how-to-step-1642583226144\",\"name\":\"Import glob module\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"HowToDirection\",\"text\":\"The <a href=\\\"https:\/\/pynative.com\/python-glob\/\\\">glob module<\/a>, part of the Python Standard Library, is used to\u00a0<strong>find the files and folders whose names follow a specific pattern<\/strong>. The searching rules are similar to the Unix Shell path expansion rules.\"}]},{\"@type\":\"HowToStep\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/pynative.com\/python-list-files-in-directory-with-extension-txt\/#how-to-step-1642583797062\",\"name\":\"Construct a pattern to search for the files having the specific extension\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"HowToDirection\",\"text\":\"For example, directory_path\/*.txt to list all text files present in a given directory path. Here the * means file name can be anything, but it must have a txt extension.\"}]},{\"@type\":\"HowToStep\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/pynative.com\/python-list-files-in-directory-with-extension-txt\/#how-to-step-1642584183878\",\"name\":\"Use glob() method\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"HowToDirection\",\"text\":\"The gob.glob(pathname) method returns a list of files that matches the path and pattern specified in the pathname argument. in this case, it will return all text files.\"}]}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Python list Files in Directory with Extension [3 Ways]","description":"Get the list of files having the specific extension such as txt in Python using a glob module and os 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I am a Python developer and I love to write articles to help developers. | All the best for your future Python endeavors!","sameAs":["https:\/\/pynative.com"]},{"@type":"HowTo","@id":"https:\/\/pynative.com\/python-list-files-in-directory-with-extension-txt\/#howto-1","name":"Python list Files in Directory with Extension txt","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/pynative.com\/python-list-files-in-directory-with-extension-txt\/#article"},"description":"A <a href=\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Filename_extension\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">file extension<\/a>, or filename extension, is a suffix at the end of a file. It comes after the period. Extension specifies a file type such as text, CSV file, pdf, or image file. For example, for a text file, it is txt. For image file it is jpg, jpeg, or bmp.<br\/><br\/>Here are the steps to get the list of files having the txt extension using a glob module.","step":[{"@type":"HowToStep","url":"https:\/\/pynative.com\/python-list-files-in-directory-with-extension-txt\/#how-to-step-1642583226144","name":"Import glob module","itemListElement":[{"@type":"HowToDirection","text":"The <a href=\"https:\/\/pynative.com\/python-glob\/\">glob module<\/a>, part of the Python Standard Library, is used to\u00a0<strong>find the files and folders whose names follow a specific pattern<\/strong>. The searching rules are similar to the Unix Shell path expansion rules."}]},{"@type":"HowToStep","url":"https:\/\/pynative.com\/python-list-files-in-directory-with-extension-txt\/#how-to-step-1642583797062","name":"Construct a pattern to search for the files having the specific extension","itemListElement":[{"@type":"HowToDirection","text":"For example, directory_path\/*.txt to list all text files present in a given directory path. Here the * means file name can be anything, but it must have a txt extension."}]},{"@type":"HowToStep","url":"https:\/\/pynative.com\/python-list-files-in-directory-with-extension-txt\/#how-to-step-1642584183878","name":"Use glob() method","itemListElement":[{"@type":"HowToDirection","text":"The gob.glob(pathname) method returns a list of files that matches the path and pattern specified in the pathname argument. in this case, it will return all text files."}]}],"inLanguage":"en-US"}]}},"featured_image_src":null,"featured_image_src_square":null,"author_info":{"display_name":"Vishal","author_link":"https:\/\/pynative.com\/author\/vishal\/"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/pynative.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10599"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/pynative.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/pynative.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pynative.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pynative.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10599"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/pynative.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/10599\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/pynative.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10599"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pynative.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10599"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/pynative.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10599"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}